Kritik Teologis dari Perspektif John Calvin terhadap Pemikiran Walter Lippmann tentang Neoliberalisme
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33550/sd.v10i1.346Kata Kunci:
Calvin, kebebasan, liberalisme, Lippmann, neoliberalismeAbstrak
Neoliberalisme menjadi persoalan dalam realitas sosio-politik di Indonesia karena mengubah peran hukum dan pemerintahan sebagai pelayan pasar. Akibatnya, kebijakan pemerintah kerap kali meletakkan kepentingan bisnis di atas kepentingan publik. Namun, sikap kekristenan terhadap neoliberalisme masih ambigu karena sebagian menilainya selaras dengan kekristenan, sedangkan sisanya berpendapat sebaliknya. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis neoliberalisme guna menyelesaikan ambiguitas tersebut. Untuk memenuhi maksud penelitian, penulis mengumpulkan data dengan metode studi kepustakaan. Karya Walter Lippmann menjadi fokus penyelidikan karena gagasannya merupakan pionir perkembangan neoliberalisme. Sementara itu, teologi John Calvin digunakan sebagai lensa untuk mengkritik neoliberalisme. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tujuan neoliberalisme adalah menata orientasi hukum dan pemerintahan agar menyelaraskan diri dengan kepentingan pasar. Jika keselarasan sudah tercapai, Lippmann meyakini kebebasan individu otomatis terwujud. Setelah membandingkan dengan teologi Calvin, penulis berpendapat neoliberalisme bertentangan dengan kekristenan karena telah mereduksi natur manusia menjadi instrumen ekonomi belaka. Dengan demikian, sikap kekristenan adalah mengawasi neoliberalisme dengan kritik untuk mengantisipasi dampak negatifnya bagi masyarakat.
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